ucode is a minimal general-purpose scripting language which seems like the ECMA scripts. It can be an isolated interpreter encapsulated into a host application or any other systems. Although OpenWrt mainly uses POSIX shell and Lua as its system scripting languages, a new approach was necessary to support the requirements of the new firewall implementation. Specifically, this involved the need to effectively handle JSON data, manage complex data structures like arrays and dictionaries, and integrate seamlessly with OpenWrt’s ubus messaging system.